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Stanhope and Tyne Railway
The Stanhope and Tyne Railway (formally the Stanhope and Tyne Railroad Company) was an early British industrial railway that ran from Stanhope, in County Durham, to South Shields at the mouth of the River Tyne. The railway opened on 15 May 1834, but liquidated on 5 February 1841. Sections of the line were bought by the Derwent Iron Company and the newly created Pontop and South Shields Railway. The railway was built to provide the limestone quarries above Weardale and coal mines in north Durham with an outlet to the Tyne down-river of any bridges. It also supported the growth of the Derwent Iron Company, later known as the Consett steelworks, which became its main freight customer.
Much of the S&T system was built through the moors of County Durham, and encountered difficulties in both construction and operation. When built, the line was long, of which were operated using steam locomotives, used horses, stationary engines worked of inclines and a further three inclines used gravity. The system was gradually expanded and improved throughout the 19th century, not reaching its final form until the 1890s.
The Pontop and South Shields became part of the Newcastle and Darlington Junction Railway and then the York & Newcastle Railway in 1846, and eventually became part of the North Eastern Railway (NER) in 1854. The line sold to the Derwent Iron Company was leased by the Stockton & Darlington Railway from 1847; the Stockton & Darlington also became part of the NER in 1863. The NER was later absorbed by the London & North Eastern Railway, and Britain's railways were nationalised in 1948. Regular passenger services ceased on 23 May 1955, and the line closed in the early 1980s, with the tracks lifted by 1985. Today its main constituent parts are part of the national Sustrans foot and cycle path network.
==History==
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